Mehndi-old wine in new bottle

Ritu Naiya asked:




The wedding season is here! The big fat Indian weddings which are characteristically so noisy and colorful family get-togethers, which definitely wouldn’t be complete without certain affairs like the exuberant religious ceremonies, the savory feast for the guests, and of course, the beautiful mehndi designs adorning the hands and feet of the bride and her friends.

The art of mehndi has been a long-standing tradition with its roots from many ancient cultures dating back as far as about 5,000 years. Today, it is still used not only in religious and ritualistic ceremonies in India, but has also reinvented itself as a modern fashion accessory. So, what exactly is mehndi?

The term refers to the powder and paste, the design on the skin, as well as the ceremony. It originated in Egypt and in Middle Eastern countries during ancient times. Henna powder is derived from a plant. The bush is harvested, dried, and then crushed to make henna powder. Henna itself is used for many things such as hair treatment, heat rash relief, and skin conditioner to name a few. Henna paste is what is used to apply mehndi or the designs. This beautiful body art then slowly spread to India and other hot climate area like Malaysia, Persia, Syria, Morocco, Sudan and North Africa but is most known today for its history in India.

Henna powder itself is green in color, but the stain it leaves behind is usually an orange-red color. It’s safe and painless since it does not require the skin to be pierced. It’s completely natural and non-toxic. It produces nil to low amount of allergic reactions. Though many suppliers now offer henna in a variety of colors, henna is best in its unadulterated form. It’s exciting, exotic, beautiful, and as simple or complicated as one may want it to be. It can last for a couple of days or as long as a month. This 50 century old tradition combined with the modern craze of contemporary designs render it as an art with immense culture and contemporaneousness.

The henna powder mixed with hot water is made into a paste which is traced on a design on the specified body part; much the same way icing of a cake is done using a cone which contains the paste inside it. Once the design (tattoo) is done it is allowed to dry. A solution of lemon juice and sugar is applied to the drying mehndi to set it and bring out its lustrous texture.

The dried paste is scraped off, or washed with water that leaves behind the pattern in a rich reddish brown hue. The color and longevity of this tattoo depends on how long one may leave the paste on the skin (the longer the paste is left the darker the stain). For most effective results, the mehndi must be allowed to dry for seven to ten hours.

Different shades can be obtained by mixing in various natural ingredients like indigo, tea, coffee, cloves, tamarind, lemon, sugar, and various oils.

Since it is an ancient tradition followed in almost every Indian marriage, the application of henna (mehndi) is considered as a separate religious ritual altogether. A mehndi party is held at the home of the bride the night before the wedding which only women from the bride’s side get to attend. The evening is spent applying mehndi designs to the bride’s hands and feet and signing and dancing to various tunes. In this customary observance the mehndi is applied in the bride’s hand in the name of her “to be” husband wishing him and her all the health and happiness.

Indian mehndi designs incorporate fine lines and lacy patterns. They often include peacocks lotuses and raised elephant trunks that symbolize good luck and prosperity.

Off late the mehndi art has experiences a complete renewal and revivification. Mehndi designs have become a red hot fashion trend and are sported boisterously almost everywhere from hands and legs to neck and navel. It has become a unisex trend and is carried off in style by guys and girls alike. The traditional reddish brown hue coalesced with modern glitters and tinges no longer leave mehndi as just a marriage accessory, they are as frequently adorned as are tattoos. The adoption of mehndi by western models and movie stars just facilitated the establishment of mehndi as a new style statement. Whatever the reasons might be for being interested in henna, but for sure, one is delving into a beautiful form of art, rich in culture.

Ritu Naiya



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Book reviews: How Opal Mehta Got Kissed, Got Wild and Got a Life, by Kaavya Viswanathan

Ritu Naiya asked:




How Opal Mehta Got Kissed, Got Wild and Got a Life may just be the most controversial book of the season. After all the hype the book got, though followed by the row on it being a plagiarized material, I was really looking forward towards reading the book. It had a numerous positive reviews to its credit, and for an onlooker it would have definitely looked like a book not to miss. To be very honest, I was thoroughly disappointed at the manner in which the tale twisted.

The story starts off weak the middle is dull and dragged out for value and the ending is predictable from almost halfway through the book. With a weak plot and a teen oriented story, Kaavya would have fared much better if she hadn’t put in all the very unnecessary details of puppy love amongst teenagers. The book appeared a written version of teenage dramas such as “she’s all that”, “not another teen movie” all centered about a nerdy girl, trying to seek attention. She then transforms into a ravishing beauty, and gets included in the “bitch gang” of college.

The book is no exception owing to the similar story line that it follows. Our female protagonist is a geek who cannot remember what she did for fun. Her parents who have most meticulously planned her life out with HOWGIH, plan out another HOWGAL for her, where they strive to transform her into a chic and endeavor towards getting her kissed. The story revolves around how opal change of look, makes her a style icon in school. How her closest of friends move away from her. How she desperately tries to manage her fashion gimmicks and studies.

The climax is when opal throws a party and her cell phone gets swapped with Priscilla, who is coolest girl in high school. HOWGIH and HOWGAL are revealed to the entire class. The story then moves onto how she loses the trust of the one person she truly loves. Whether the present depression will put her through the Harvard corridors or will they permanently damage the very cause of all this commotion. The answers to these are quite obvious.

Though the plot might be weak, Kaavya has a good narrative capability. The language of the book is simple and lucid. Her voice is fresh and funny. The charges of plagiarism were too harsh on her. Definitely the book didn’t have to be pulled of the stands!

ritu naiya



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An Insight to Medical Equipment

Nitin K Singh asked:




Medical science is branch of science that is used to diagnose and treat the irregularities in the functioning of the patient’s body using some technical apparatus. These technical devices are known as medical equipment and they are used to determine the patient’s medical condition so that an appropriate treatment can be administered to him. Almost all hospitals hire a Biomedical Equipment Technician (BMET) so that the medical equipments can be maintained in perfect condition.

Medical equipment do comprise of laboratory devices and instruments that are used to perform analysis on a sample of urine, feces, blood and even semen. The samples are first collected and then analyzed in the laboratories for further diagnosis. The medical state of a patient is determined on the basis of the results obtained from the analysis performed. There are other parameters too that are analyzed such as ECG, blood pressure, weight, pulse rate and many more. Imaging machines like Ultrasound, X-ray, PET, MRI and CT scanners are the diagnostic equipment. Today, due to advancement in technology, the medical world has reached new highs. Laser surgeries, pace makers, infusion pumps and many other such devices are used to treat the patients suffering with critical diseases.

However, it may not possible to continue the prolonged treatment in the hospital for some people due to their financial state. In that case, they make arrangements for home medical equipment and continue with the treatment at home. The family of the patient takes care of him or they hire a qualified medical professional for the same. All requisite medical equipments is arranged at home so that the patient is given proper care. Apart from the common home medical equipments like wheel chair, diabetic shoes and crutch, there are certain equipments that are used only if the doctor has recommended them like nasal cannula, nebulizer, etc. All such devices should be purchased by showing doctor’s prescription to a pharmacist.

However, the medical logistics persons regulate the purchase and sale of equipment supplies. They take care of the supply as well as the distribution of all sorts of medicines, surgical apparatus, pharmaceuticals and all other equipments including Ostomy supplies to the doctors, technicians, nurses and other medical professionals. These medical equipment are handled by trained and professional staff. It is mandatory for the suppliers to comply with Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) so that the patient’s confidentiality is maintained.

Since there is continued advancement going on in every sector, equipments industry has not been left untouched. The medical research field is advancing rapidly and giving birth to more and more high-level technology. As a result, highly sophisticated equipments have been developed and now used in the treatment of the patients. With these revolutionary inventions, medical industry has changed phenomenally and is crossing its own highs every time.

It is a myth that the doctors only keep knowledge about the equipment, but it is very important for a lay man to have an idea about these equipments in order to keep pace with fast growing world.

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The festival of Durga Puja

Ritu Naiya asked:




Indian festivals are as varied as the people of the country themselves. All communities, all regions and all sections have their own festivals. It is intended to keep alive the memory of those days and personalities and inspire people to emulate their examples.

Most of the religious festivals in India are instances of the victory of the good over evil. The same festival is celebrated in different forms in different areas. Durga pooja is one such festival celebrated in the eastern regions of the country. Goddess Durga is considered as the epitome of power and strength. The festival is celebrated at a stretch for 5 days.

Widely celebrated in West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa and Tripura where it is a five-day annual holiday, Not only is it the biggest Hindu festival celebrated throughout the State, but also the most significant socio-cultural event in Bengali society.

Durga Pooja includes the worships of Shiva, Lakshmi, Ganesha, Saraswati, Kartikeya and Mahishasura as well. According to legends, Mahishasura, a great demon tormented the people of the earth and created a great distress amongst the planeteers. The gods together created the goddess Durga for rescuing the universe from the realms of Mahishasura.

The entire festival is celebrated at a span of 5 days. Each day signifying a particular upshot. These are called the shrashthi , Maha Saptami, Maha Ashtami, Maha Nabami and Vijaya Dashami. Maha Ashtami is considered as the most auspicious and important of all the days. On these days the streets of kolkatha turn in to an absolute carnival. More than two thousand pandals are set up, all clamoring for the admiration and praise of the populace. The city is adorned with lights. A site that truly abides by the fact that Durga pooja is one of the biggest Hindu festivals celebrated throughout the state.

Bijoya Dashami also has a special significance. On this day the idol is immersed in the Bhagirathi river. Prior to which there is sindhur khela wherein ladies play with red powder which is put on the forehead of every married women. Following the immersion of the idol is a fantastic feast that truly brings out the flavors of the festival.

Another legend that surrounds this festival is associated with the epic story of Ramayana. Rama invoked the goddess Durga for his battle against Ravana. Although she was traditionally worshipped in the spring, due to contingencies of battle, Rama had to invoke her in the autumn. Today it is this Rama’s date for the pooja that has gained ascendancy, although the spring pooja, known as Basanti Pooja is also present in the Hindu almanac.

Whatever be the reason for celebration for the occasion the main objective is to bring people of different walks of life together. Although it is a Hindu festival, religion takes a back seat on these five days: Durga Pooja in Bengal is a carnival, where people from all backgrounds, regardless of their religious beliefs, participate and enjoy themselves to the hilt. People all over the country go pandal hopping these days. This is so commonly referred to as the Rio carnival of the east.

Ritu Naiya



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What is the Difference Between a Nebulizer and an Inhaler?

Jillian B. Phillips asked:




Topical delivery of antimicrobials to the paranasal sinuses has intuitive advantages over systemic therapy for treatment of sinusitis. Some of the more effective treatment methods of topical delivery to infected areas are with the use of aerosolized medications. There are different devices to deliver aerosolized medicine. Two kinds of such devices are nebulizers and inhalers.

Inhalers and nebulizers are two different devices used to deliver rescue or controller respiratory medications directly into your lungs. Your doctor can decide what type of device is best for you.

Nebulizers

Nebulizers are electric- or battery-powered machines that turn liquid respiratory medicine into a fine mist that’s inhaled into the lungs. The child breathes in the mist through a mouthpiece or facemask, a plastic cup that covers the child’s mouth and nose. Nebulizers vary in size and shape.

Keep in mind when using a nebulizer, particularly with a child:

o An individual doesn’t have to “do” anything to receive the medicine, except stay in one place and accept the mouthpiece or facemask.
o It usually takes about 5 or 10 minutes to give someone medication by nebulizer, and sometimes even longer.
o Nebulizers may be less effective if a child is crying while they’re being used, since less medicine is inhaled when a child is crying.

Some of the disadvantages of nebulizers are:

o They can be bulky
o Can be noisy
o May need to be plugged in
o Can come with complicated instructions
o Has several parts that you have to assemble before use

Inhalers

Inhalers are portable, hand-held devices that are available in two types:

o Metered dose inhalers (MDI) are the most commonly prescribed. Like mini-aerosol cans, these devices push out a pre-measured spray of medicine. When the person squeezes the inhaler, a measured “puff” of medicine is released.
o Dry powder inhalers deliver medicine in powder form, but it doesn’t spray out. The patient must do more of the work, by inhaling the powdered medicine quickly and quite forcefully (which is often difficult for very young children).

If you use a metered dose inhaler, you may also use a spacer, which attaches to the inhaler and makes it easier to use. A spacer is a kind of holding chamber for the medicine, which eliminates the need to closely coordinate squeezing the inhaler and inhaling the medicine. With an inhaler and spacer, the medicine can be inhaled slowly when you are ready. It is possible for very small children and even babies to receive their medications using a metered dose inhaler with a spacer.

Spacers also make inhalers more effective. When using an inhaler without a spacer, the medicine may go into the back of the throat but may not actually move down into the lower airways. A spacer helps to deliver the medicine into the lower airways, which is where it needs to go to work properly.

Even if a nebulizer poses some disadvantages, it still carries one big advantage: it can deposit smaller-sized particles into your system. As proven in a clinical study posted recently, treatment is more effective with smaller particles since they reach the target destination (usually the place of infection) faster.

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Aromatherapy Electric Diffuser

Juliet Cohen asked:




There are several ways for you to introduce aromatherapy in your lifestyle. You may want to add a few drops of aromatherapy essential oils in the water as you soak in the bath. Aromatherapy is a method of healing with the help of fragrance or aroma. Different types of essential oils usually produce this fragrance, which reaches the nose of the patient with the help of a diffuser or inhaler. It is important that the diffuser be of good quality or else the smells will be too less or too much and create more harm than help. Aromatherapy electric diffusers are used when you want to disperse therapeutic essential oils into the air.

Their aroma can fill a room or an area with the natural fragrance. Currently, several types of aromatherapy electric diffusers are being used. not counting the non-electric ones. Aromatherapy electric diffusers are not very costly. Some of them can even come relatively cheap, if you know how to look. They can be very useful if you don’t want to be bothered with preparing your own diffuser. Fan aromatherapy electric diffusers come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and styles. This type of aromatherapy electric diffuser uses a fan to blow the essential oils into the air. It is speedy in that the aroma from your oils is dispersed quickly into the air.

To start using a fan aromatherapy electric diffuser, place a few drops of essential oils onto a disposable absorptive pad or into a tray. The pad or tray is placed into the diffuser unit and then powered on. The air from the fan then blows over the pad or tray, carrying their aroma throughout the room. Another types of aromatherapy electric diffuser is heat aromatherapy electric diffuser. A heat aromatherapy electric diffuser is quite similar to a fan diffuser. This type of aromatherapy electric diffuser uses heat and a fan to gently heat the oil and disperse the aroma into a room. A nebulizer is not technically an aromatherapy electric diffuser.

Basically, a nebulizer is a device that takes essential oils and breaks them into separate molecules. The molecules are later dispersed into the room. A heat aromatherapy electric diffuser is quite similar to a fan diffuser. This type of aromatherapy electric diffuser uses heat and a fan to gently heat the oil and disperse the aroma into a room. Heat diffusers are advisable if you are using essential oils with thicker consistency, such as sandalwood or patchouli. You can find an aromatherapy electric diffuser that runs on batteries if portability is a concern. Some travelers like to set up their diffusers in hotel rooms to create a cozy atmosphere.



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Aromatherapy diffuser

Rakesh S asked:




Today, Aromatherapy has become a well-known alternative treatment for chronic medical conditions. Aromatherapy essentially involves inhaling aroma from oils extracted from plants in order to enhance health and well-being. Aroma oils or essential oils can be mixed with different kinds of natural materials and then mixed into baths or used in diffusers. The Aromatherapy diffuser can be used either as humidifier, atomizer, or air purifier. It makes use of ultrasonic waves to disperse the essential oil in the water, thus releasing a scented mist into your living space. This scented mist provides a host of benefits, such as relief from stress and insomnia, relaxation and air purification by killing bacteria and pollutants.

Different types of diffusers

Necklace Diffuser

An Aromatherapy diffuser can be extremely simple such as a tissue or cloth soaked in essential oil or a clay holder or pot that has openings in it to release the aroma. Some Aromatherapy diffusers release stronger aroma while others are more subtle. Diffusers that release stronger smell help in clearing sinuses and provide relief from other chronic symptoms. Diffusers that provide a more subtle aroma may help in promoting relaxation.

Steam Diffuser and Candle diffuser

There are certain diffusers that use a source of heat to release the aroma of the oil. This includes placing drops of the essential oil into a bowl of boiling water. The aroma from the oil is released along with the steam from the hot water. In case of diffusers that are heated with candles, drops of the essential oil are placed into a bowl that is placed over a candle. When the candle burns, it heats the oil and this in turn releases the aroma into the air

Nebulizer

Nebulizer is another type of diffuser in which an air pump pushes the essential oil out and releases it into the air through a fine, cold mist. The glass portion of the diffuser is designed in such a way as to disperse the aroma evenly and over a wider area. Nebulizers must be placed in a room where users would be exposed to the aroma or where they can directly inhale the vapour.



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Buy Generic Albuterol Sulfate online

Oleksiy asked:




Buy Generic Albuterol Sulfate online

GENERIC NAME: albuterol and ipratropium inhaler

BRAND NAME: Combivent

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Combivent is a combination product consisting of two bronchodilators, albuterol (Proventil; Ventolin) and ipratropium (Atrovent) that is used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (bronchitis and emphysema) when there is evidence of spasm (narrowing) of the airways. Bronchodilators dilate or enlarge the airways by relaxing the muscles surrounding the airways. Albuterol and ipratropium work by different mechanisms, but both cause the muscles of the airways to relax. (Ipratropium is an anticholinergic and albuterol is a sympathomimetic.)

GENERIC AVAILABLE: no

PRESCRIPTION: yes

PREPARATIONS: Combivent comes as a metered-dose aerosol inhaler delivering 90mcg of albuterol plus 18mcg of ipratropium per actuation of the inhaler.

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STORAGE: The inhaler should be stored at room temperature, 15-30°C (59-86°F) and kept away from moisture.

PRESCRIBED FOR: Combivent is used in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema when they are associated with bronchospasm or narrowing of the airways due to spasm of the muscles surrounding the airways.

DOSING: The dosing of Combivent must be individualized.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: No important drug interactions have been described with Combivent.

What Is Albuterol Sulfate?

Albuterol sulfate is a prescription medication used to treat airway spasms (called bronchospasms). Bronchospasms are most common in people with asthma, but can also occur in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Some forms are also approved to prevent exercise-induced asthma.

Albuterol-containing products come as one of two different forms of albuterol: albuterol or albuterol sulfate. There is really no important difference between these two active ingredients. In fact, albuterol sulfate is often just shortened to “albuterol.”

Albuterol Sulfate Products

Of the many different albuterol products, several of them contain albuterol sulfate. These products include:

Albuterol syrup

Albuterol tablets and long-acting tablets (VoSpire ER®)

Albuterol solution products (for use in a nebulizer), including AccuNeb®

Proventil HFA®

Ventolin HFA®

ProAir HFA®.

Other products, such as the older albuterol inhalers (including Proventil® or a generic albuterol inhaler) contain albuterol rather than albuterol sulfate.

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Steps To Confirm An Asthma Diagnosis

Rebecca Prescott asked:




You suspect you have asthma. Perhaps you are suffering from tiredness, coughing even when you don’t have a cold, difficulties in breathing, wheezing, a tightness in the chest, or a runny nose and itchy throat. Whilst these symptoms may clue your doctor in that you are potentially an asthmatic, they do not constitute a diagnosis. Instead, there are a number of tests your doctor will order. This article will describe those tests so you are better prepared for your medical visits.

Before your doctor orders any further tests, however, he or she will get a more thorough picture of the times you experience respiratory problems or chest tightness. They will probably enquire about whether these symptoms happen during certain times of year, how often, and what seems to trigger them. They will also want to talk about your family history – relating to both asthma and allergies, as the two often occur together.

A physical exam is next performed to establish whether there are noticeable signs of asthma affecting your airways. This is quite simple. Your doctor will listen for any wheezing sounds in your chest using a stethoscope. And they may look for any signs of allergy on your skin. To confirm the diagnosis after all of this, they will order a lung function test.

There are three primary lung function tests that your doctor may order. They are spirometry testing, the challenge test, and the peak expiratory flow test. The spirometry test is generally the first port of call. It’s a simple test that measures how much air you can blow out of your lungs after taking a deep breath in, as well as how fast the exhale is. The results show up lower than normal if there is inflammation in your airways – which is a sign of asthma.

The challenge test is a variation on the above. But instead of simply inhaling and exhaling normally, you first inhale a substance that causes the airways of asthmatics to narrow. The chemical you inhale is called methacholine, and the test is designed to expose you to triggers that usually affect asthmatics. Consequently, you may only have to inhale cold air, or do some vigorous exercise (some people get asthma from exercise). The spirometer then measures the outbreath. A normal reading means it is doubtful you have asthma.

The peak flow test may be done instead of a spirometer test, though it is not as accurate. A peak flow meter is a portable device that measures how fast you can exhale air. The advantage of the peak flow test is that it can be done at home, giving a series of readings over a period of time. This can be particularly useful if the other tests were inconclusive or negative.

Overall, the tests required for an asthma diagnosis are invasive and quick. Whether your doctor uses one or a combination of tests, he will always take a family history, so it’s a good idea to be prepared for that. And fortunately, there are a number of treatments available that enable asthmatics to manage their symptoms well. So well, in fact, that there are even world champion sports starts that are asthmatics!



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If Tomorrow Comes by Sydney Sheldon

Ritu Naiya asked:




Sydney Sheldon is a fantastic story teller, for his books are not only a page turner but also with powerful emotions that make the story achingly moving! Known for female centered stories, his narration is extremely gripping which addresses emotions such as revenge in a perfect manner.

If tomorrow comes, one of the best loved books of Sheldon is a story of lost innocence. Tracy  is like Cinderella except that she finds the wrong Prince who wrongfully leaves her in the dungeon until a more honorable and loving Robin Hood comes along and takes her to places after which they live happily ever after with the loot.

The first of the ”first impression” is really good with the death of Mrs. Whitney in the prologue. From that point there is no stopping the pace of the story. Tracy a gorgeous city girl felt her life was perfect, with her getting engaged to the man (the most eligible bachelor , Charles Stanhope III, a banker who owns the bank and whose family name reeks with money ) she loved and expecting his child soon.

However life takes a different turn for her when she realizes the grounds of her mother’s suicide. Losing her rationality she hunts for the man responsible for her mother’s suicide, she pursues and attacks him and disappointingly, is unable to kill him. Tracy waits in jail for Charles to come to her rescue her, who prunes that he’ll not marry a murderer completely forgetting to question Tracy’s innocence, worst the fact that she was pregnant. Affairs worsen when she is tricked into accepting false charges are sentenced for 15 years in jail.

Sheldon has very elusively put across the lives of female prisoners in the part that follows. After Tracy loses her baby, and several other hardships in prison, good faith finally smiles on her when while trying to save the warden’s child she closes misses death.

The second part concentrates on how she avenges her mother’s death in a highly sophisticated manner. Satisfied, she turns to settle her upside down life. Tracey finds herself alone and unemployable after that. She does try hard however – her last odd job being that of a cleaning maid but even that doesn’t go too well.  In desperation she engages in con games, using people’s greed as a key to her cognizance. Soon, Jeff Stevens another con artist get involved with her personally and they made their moves for twice and outwitted the police. The story is a thriller as Tracy moves on from outwitting world chess champions to stealing paintings from museums. With delicate romance on its pages, the story truly enthralls the reader. A must read for all.

Ritu Naiya



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